Abstract Jabuticaba is a very popular fruit in Brazil being a great source of compounds with considerable biological activities. Novel optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) methods have been proposed for anthocyanins and total phenolic compounds from jabuticaba. A Box–Behnken experimental design (BBD) with a response surface methodology (RSM) was used to investigate the effect of six independent variables (solvent composition, solvent-to-sample ratio, ultrasound amplitude and cycle, pH, and temperature) on the UAE. Solvent composition was found to be the most significant variable for the extraction of both anthocyanins (51%) and total phenolic compounds (72%). The other optimum conditions for anthocyanins were as follows: pH 7.00, 39.8 ºC, 20:1.5 mL:g solvent-to-sample ratio, 34% ultrasound amplitude and cycle of 0.47 seconds. The optimum conditions for the extraction of phenolic compounds were: pH 7.00, 26.0 ºC, 20:1.5 (mL:g) solvent-to-sample ratio, 68.5% ultrasound amplitude and cycle of 0.5 seconds. The extraction kinetic was also evaluated. The developed methods showed a high precision, with coefficients of variation of less than 5% for both repeatability and intermediate precision (within-lab reproducibility). The applicability of the new methods was successfully evaluated on several fruits and jams from jabuticaba.

En el siguiente trabajo se presentan 66 nuevas soluciones de mecanismos focales propuestas para algunos eventos sísmicos que han ocurrido en Venezuela y áreas vecinas entre octubre de 2005 y el año 2008. Dichas soluciones fueron obtenidas a través del método de identificación de la “polaridad” de las primeras llegadas que registraron las estaciones que conforman la Red Sismológica Nacional de FUNVISIS, en ocasiones apoyadas con información suministrada por instituciones como INGEOMINAS (Colombia) y la Universidad de West Indies (Trinidad y Tobago). Este importante número de mecanismos focales propuestos amplían y refuerzan el conocimiento de la tectónica regional y local de nuestro país, y muestran parte del alcance de la Red Sismológica Nacional de Venezuela, cuya modernización y densificación se inició en el año 1998, estando totalmente operativa en el año 2002.

The purpose of this work is to show 66 new focal mechanism solutions for some seismic events which have occurred in Venezuela and neighbouring areas between October 2005 and December 2008. All this solutions were obtained through P-wave first motion polarity registered by the Venezuelan Seismological Network operated by FUNVISIS, and additional information provided by INGEOMINAS (Colombia) and the University of the West Indies (Trinidad and Tobago). All these focal mechanism solutions increase and reinforce our knowledge in the Venezuela regional/local tectonics as well as indicating the scope and potential of the Venezuelan Seismological Network which has been upgraded (enlarged and modernized) since 1998, being fully operative in 2002.